The indicators derived from the Environmental Goods and Services Accounts provide information on the main economic indicators (employment, added value, and production) of ecoindustries, i.e., producers of goods and services for environmental protection (activities to prevent, reduce, and eliminate pollution and other forms of environmental degradation) and for natural resource management (conservation, maintenance, and protection of natural resources from depletion phenomena). Employment and added value in the ecoindustry sector grew by 52.8% and 47.5%, respectively, from 2016 to 2021. This increase was almost entirely achieved in the last year (2021). In 2021, the growth of the added value in the environmental sector was significantly higher than that of GDP. This allowed for an increase in the incidence of the environmental sector's added value on GDP from 2.7% in 2020 to 3.7% in 2021.

In 2021, the level of expenditure in the Italian economy for environmental protection amounted to 46.6 billion euros, equivalent to 2.6% of Gross Domestic Product (GDP). This ratio is the highest recorded since 2016, although it remained substantially stable between 2016 and 2021. Expenditure on environmental protection mainly concerns waste management and wastewater management. Other environmental protection purposes include, in order of importance, soil protection and remediation, groundwater and surface water protection; biodiversity and landscape protection; protection from radiation, research and development, other activities; air and climate protection; noise and vibration reduction (excluding workplace environmental protection).

Internal Material Consumption (IMC) measures the apparent consumption of material resources within an economy. It is the main indicator derived from material flow accounts, used to assess a country's resource Productivity as part of policies on natural resource use. In 2023, Italy's Internal Material Consumption amounted to 498.4 million tonnes (-2.7% compared to the previous year), and Resource Productivity stood at 3.59 EUR/kg (+3.7% compared to the previous year).

The indicator quantifies the extraction of natural resources - biomass, metallic minerals, non-metallic minerals, and fossil fuels - globally, due to the final consumption and investments of households, businesses, and public administrations in Italy. In 2023, Italy's material footprint amounted to 656.1 million tons, or 11.1 tons per capita.