Descrizione 1
Anna Cacciuni, Caterina D'Anna
The indicator shows the yearly trend in the number of projects under state jurisdiction subject to Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA), the annual distribution of the outcomes of environmental compatibility decisions, and their breakdown by type of infrastructure. It reflects the central public administration's response regarding decision-making processes related to environmental impact assessments.
In 2023, out of 141 projects evaluated, 122 positive EIA decisions with environmental conditions and 19 negative ones were issued.
The Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is the process that includes, in accordance with the provisions set out in Title III, Part Two of Legislative Decree 152/2006 and subsequent amendments, the preparation and submission of the Environmental Impact Study by the project proponent, the conduct of public consultations, the evaluation of the Environmental Impact Study and any additional information provided by the proponent, the results of the consultations, the adoption of the EIA decision regarding the environmental impacts of the project, and the integration of the EIA decision into the project’s approval or authorization measure.
The indicator represents the number of EIA decisions (EIA decrees) under state jurisdiction issued annually by the Ministry of the Environment and Energy Security (MASE), in agreement with the Ministry of Culture (MiC). The EIA decision is a “reasoned, mandatory, and binding measure that expresses the conclusion of the competent authority regarding the significant and adverse environmental impacts of the project, adopted on the basis of the conducted evaluation, the results of the public consultations, and any cross-border consultations".
To describe the yearly trend in the number of projects subject to EIA as established by current regulations, the annual breakdown of environmental compatibility rulings, and their distribution according to the type of works involved.
The main objective is to provide information on the central public administration’s decision-making response in relation to EIA procedures.
- Directive 85/337/EEC of 27 June 1985
- Directive 97/11/EC of 3 March 1997 amending Directive 85/337/EEC
- Directive 2011/92/EU of 13 December 2011
- Directive 2014/52/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 April 2014
- Legislative Decree 152/2006, as amended
- Legislative Decree 104/2017
- Decree Law 34/2020, converted into Law 77/2020
- Decree Law 76/2020, converted into Law 120/2020
- Decree Law 77/2021, converted into Law 108/2021
- Decree Law 92/2021
- Law No. 25 of 2022
- Law No. 91 of 2022
- Law No. 6 of 2023
- Decree Law No. 13 of 2023
Descrizione 2
The indicator does not include projects subject to regional EIA procedures.
Elaborazione dello stesso indicatore a livello regionale.
Qualificazione dati
The EIA measures are available on the MASE Environmental Assessments portal, where all decisions are published: https://va.mite.gov.it/it-IT/Procedure/Provvedimenti
National
June 1989- 2023
Qualificazione indicatore
Each state-level EIA decision (VIA decree) was collected and analyzed. Starting from the EIA decisions published on MASE’s website, data were compiled on the total number of decisions (positive, negative, negative-interlocutory, and archived) issued each year. Extensions of the validity of existing EIA decisions were not included.
The types of projects subject to state-level EIA have evolved over the years in response to changes in European directives and national legislation.
In 2023, 141 projects were evaluated, resulting in 122 positive EIA decisions with conditions and 19 negative decisions (Table 1).
Between June 1989 and 2023, 1,461 projects were reviewed, resulting in:
- 1,136 positive EIA decisions,
- 159 negative decisions,
- 69 negative-interlocutory decisions,
- 97 archived.
Over the last 10 years, the annual average number of EIA decisions (59) has exceeded the 35-year historical average (42), indicating growing attention to sustainable and economic development.
Dati
Tabella 1: Numero totale di provvedimenti VIA di competenza statale con esito positivo, negativo e interlocutorio negativo
Elaborazione ISPRA su dati MASE
a Interviene quando si verifica la sostanziale carenza di informazioni nella documentazione presentata tale da non consentire di esprimere un giudizio circa la compatibilità del progetto. Questa tipologia è presente fino all'emanazione del D.Lgs. 128/2010 di modifica del D.Lgs. 152/2006
b provvedimento archiviato: quando il proponente non trasmette la documentazione integrativa entro il termine stabilito nella comunicazione della direzione VA del MiTE. Scaduto tale termine, ovvero, qualora dall’esito della verifica la documentazione risulti ancora incompleta, l’istanza risulta archiviata
Negli anni sono stati emanati provvedimenti di proroga della validità di provvedimenti già emanati che non sono stati
Tabella 2: Numero di provvedimenti positivi per tipologie d'opera codificate dal D.Lgs. 104/2017
Elaborazione ISPRA su dati MASE
Figura 1: Numero totale di provvedimenti VIA di competenza statale
Elaborazione ISPRA su dati MASE
Figura 2: Ripartizione per esito dei provvedimenti VIA di competenza statale
Elaborazione ISPRA su dati MASE
Figura 3: Ripartizione dei provvedimenti di VIA di competenza statale per tipologia d'opera codificate dal D.Lgs. 104/2017
Elaborazione ISPRA su dati MASE
a Non più presenti tra le tipologie di opere da assoggettare a VIA nazionale in quanto trasferite tra quelle da assoggettare a VIA regionale. Le opere possono essere assoggettate a VIA nazionale su richiesta della regione.
b Per la tipologia d'opera Rifiuti nell'anno 2013 risulta un'opera soggetta a procedura di VIA nazionale su richiesta della regione
Over 35 years, EIA procedures ended positively for approximately 78% of submitted projects (Figure 2).
Breakdown of positive decisions by project type (June 1989–2023):