The indicators derived from the Environmental Goods and Services Accounts provide information on the main economic indicators (employment, added value, and production) of ecoindustries, i.e., producers of goods and services for environmental protection (activities to prevent, reduce, and eliminate pollution and other forms of environmental degradation) and for natural resource management (conservation, maintenance, and protection of natural resources from depletion phenomena). Employment and added value in the ecoindustry sector grew by 52.8% and 47.5%, respectively, from 2016 to 2021. This increase was almost entirely achieved in the last year (2021). In 2021, the growth of the added value in the environmental sector was significantly higher than that of GDP. This allowed for an increase in the incidence of the environmental sector's added value on GDP from 2.7% in 2020 to 3.7% in 2021.

In 2021, the level of expenditure in the Italian economy for environmental protection amounted to 46.6 billion euros, equivalent to 2.6% of Gross Domestic Product (GDP). This ratio is the highest recorded since 2016, although it remained substantially stable between 2016 and 2021. Expenditure on environmental protection mainly concerns waste management and wastewater management. Other environmental protection purposes include, in order of importance, soil protection and remediation, groundwater and surface water protection; biodiversity and landscape protection; protection from radiation, research and development, other activities; air and climate protection; noise and vibration reduction (excluding workplace environmental protection).

Internal Material Consumption (IMC) measures the apparent consumption of material resources within an economy. It is the main indicator derived from material flow accounts, used to assess a country's resource Productivity as part of policies on natural resource use. In 2023, Italy's Internal Material Consumption amounted to 498.4 million tonnes (-2.7% compared to the previous year), and Resource Productivity stood at 3.59 EUR/kg (+3.7% compared to the previous year).

The indicator quantifies the extraction of natural resources - biomass, metallic minerals, non-metallic minerals, and fossil fuels - globally, due to the final consumption and investments of households, businesses, and public administrations in Italy. In 2023, Italy's material footprint amounted to 656.1 million tons, or 11.1 tons per capita.

In 2021, in Italy, consumption and investments caused 439.5 Mt of CO2 (carbon footprint), equivalent to about 1.2% of global CO2 emissions, marking a 15% increase compared to the previous year. Of these, about 52 Mt come from the EU (excluding Italy) through imports, and 126 Mt from the rest of the world. Household activities, primarily from transport and heating, which are solely of Italian origin, account for about a quarter of the carbon footprint. The category of final demand that accounts for the largest share of the carbon footprint is final consumption expenditure (28%). About 12% of Italy's carbon footprint originates from the EU (excluding Italy), 7% from China, 4% from Russia, and 17% from the rest of the world.

Statistical information on environmental taxes can be broken down by tax category, paying units, environmental activity class, and revenue destination. In Italy, environmental tax revenues amounted to €41.5 billion in 2022 (a decrease of 24.4% compared to the previous year). In 2022, environmental taxes accounted for approximately 5% of the total tax and social contribution revenues and about 2% of Gross Domestic Product (GDP).

The circular material use rate measures the share of material resources reused by an economy. In the period 2004–2022, Italy's circular material use rate increased from 5.8% to 18.7%.
 

An economic system operates through energy inputs. The total energy consumption of resident units indicates the amount of energy used by economic activities and households for production and consumption activities, distinguishing energy uses from non-energy uses.

In 2021, the total energy consumption in Italy amounted to 7.05 exajoules, a 17.1% reduction compared to 2008. The total consumption is almost entirely for energy uses. In 2021, over two-thirds of the total energy use is attributable to productive activities. Among these, the top six activities for energy use (slightly more than half of total use) contribute to nearly 7% of Italy's Gross Domestic Product. 31% of the total energy use is due to household consumption (mainly heating/cooling and transport).

ISPRA also estimates the internal energy footprint, which allows the analysis of energy uses from the perspective of final domestic demand, highlighting the direct and indirect energy amounts embedded in the goods and services offered on the domestic market by Italian production chains.